Verb - Kinds

KINDS  OF  VERBS :--

   1.Transitive Verbs

   2. Intransitive Verbs

   3. Auxillary Verbs

   4. Verbs of Incomplete Prediction

  1. TRANSITIVE   VERBS :--

   A Transitive Verb takes an object with it; as,

       * The student reads a book.
                    
       * Kamla writes an essay.
             

   In the above sentences, the verbs 'reads' and 'writes' take 'book' and 'essay' respectively as their objects. Hence they are Transitive Verbs.

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 2. INTRANSITIVE   VERBS:--

    An Intransitive verb requires no object with it; as,

        * He walks.

        * Sita sings.

    In the above sentences, 'walks' and 'sings' have no objects with them. They are Intransitive Verbs.
  

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3. AUXILLARY   VERBS :--

     An Auxillary verb is used, according to the requirement of tense, voice and mood, to help the principal verb; as,

         * Where do you live ?

         * He does not tell a lie.

     In the above sentences, 'do' and 'does' are auxillary verbs as they help to form the mood, tense and voice of the principal verbs 'live' and 'tell' respectively.

    Note:--
   

       * Auxillary Verbs may be classified into two divisions; as,

       (a) Primary Auxillaries :--

         
           Primary Auxillaries are ----

* the various forms of 'to be'--is, are, am, was, were, do, does, did, has, have, had.

       (b) Modal Auxillaries   :--
        

           Modal Auxillaries are  ---

  * must, should, can, may, could, might, ought, dare, need.

  * and causative verbs-- make, cause, get, have etc.

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4.  VERBS  OF  INCOMPLETE   PREDICTION :--

      
    A Verb of Incomplete Prediction is incomplete in itself and therefore, it requires a complement ( noun, pronoun, adjective or adverb ) to complete its sense; as,

         * Ramesh was poor.
              
         * His sister is a nurse.

         In the above sentences, the words 'poor'and 'nurse' are complements of 'was' and 'is' respectively.

     Note:---

     . Verbs of Incmplete Prediction are genrally---* is, are, am, was, were, will be, look, grow, seem, appear, make, give, elect etc.

     . Some Verbs of Incomplete Prediction require two complements; as,

       e.g.:--

         * The teacher gave him a book.

         * The Board elected him captain of the team.

     In the first sentence the verb 'gave' has taken two complements 'him'and 'a book' as either complement will not do. Likewise in the second sentence, the verb 'elected' too, has taken two complements 'him'and 'captain'.
    
      . The complement may be either subjective or objective.
             

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 *      Subjective Complement :--
     

             . When the subject itself functions as complement, the complement is subjective.

               e.g.--

               . Rakesh is a boy.

                In this sentence 'boy' is subjective complement, as it is another form of the subject 'Rakesh'.

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 *       Objective complement :--
      

               e.g.--

                . She made him monitor of the class.

                 In this sentence 'monitor' is objective complement as it stands for the object 'him'.

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 DIRECT AND INDIRECT OBJECTS
  

  When a Transitive verb has two different kinds of objects, one is 'direct object' and the other is ' indirect object'.

  (a) INDIRECT OBJECT :--
  

      The object standing for a person is 'Indirect Object' and as a rule it should come first in order.

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  (b) DIRECT OBJECT :--
   

     The object standing for a thing is 'direct object' and comes afterwards in order.

     e.g.---

    * I gave him a pen.

        him--indirect object

        pen-- direct object

    * He made me the captain

        me-- indirect object

        captain-- direct object

   Note:--

      * If a 'direct Object' is to be used first in order, the 'indirect object 'should be preceded by a preposition; as,

        . He gave a book to me.

     ( 'book' is direct object and 'me' is indirect object .)

……………………………………………

        . The lady supplied clothes to the poor.

     ( 'clothes' is direct object and 'poor' is indirect object .)

   The number and person of a verb directly and necessrily depends on the number and person of its subject.

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