Active/Passive Overview

        

    ACTIVE / PASSIVE   OVERVIEW

    (a) Simple Present
                
        Active  :   Once a week, Tom cleans the house.
      
        Passive :   Once a week, the house is cleaned by Tom.

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    (b) Present Continuous

        Active  :      Right now, Sarah is writing the letter.

        Passive :    Right now, the letter is being written by Sarah.

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    (c) Simple Past

  
        Active  :       Sam repaired the car.

        Passive :    The car was repaired by Sam.

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    (d) Past Continuous

        Active  :     The salesman was helping the customer when the thief came into the store.
       
        Passive :    The customer was being helped by the salesman when the thief came into the store.

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    (e) Present Perfect

       Active  :     Many tourists have visited that castle.

       Passive :  That castle has been visited by many tourists.

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    (f) Present Perfect Continuous

       Active  :  Recently, John has been doing the work.

       Passive :  Recently, the work has been being done by John.

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    (g) Past Perfect
          
       Active  :  George had repaired many cars before he received his mechanic's license.
    
       Passive :  Many cars had been repaired by George before he received his mechanic's license.

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    (h) Past Perfect Continuous
          
       Active  :  Chef Jones had been preparing the restaurant's fantastic dinners for two years before he moved to Paris.
      
       Passive :  The restaurant's fantastic dinners had been being prepared by Chef Jones for two years before he moved to Paris.

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    (i) Simple Future
          
       Active  :  Someone will finish the work by 5:00 PM.

       Passive :  The work will be finished by 5:00 PM.

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   (j) Simple Future [ going to ]

       Active   :  Sally is going to make a beautiful dinner tonight.
    
       Passive  :  A beautiful dinner is going to be made by Sally tonight.

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   (k) Future Continuous
    
       Active   :  At 8:00 PM tonight, John will be washing the dishes.
     
       Passive  :  At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes will be being washed by John.

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   (l) Future Continuous

       Active   :  At 8:00 PM tonight, John is going to be washing the dishes.
     
       Passive  :  At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes are going to be being washed by John.

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   (m) Future Perfect
     
       Active   :  They will have completed the project before the deadline.
     
       Passive  :  The project will have been completed before the deadline.

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   (n) Future Perfect
    
       Active   :  They are going to have completed the project before the deadline. 
    
       Passive  :  The project is going to have been completed before the deadline.

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   (o) Future Perfect Continuous
              
       Active   :  The famous artist will have been painting the mural for over six months by the time it is finished.
             
       Passive  :  The mural will have been being painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it is finished.

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   (p) Future Perfect Continuous
     
       Active  :   The famous artist is going to have been painting the mural for over six months by the time it is finished.
          
       Passive :   The mural is going to have been being painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it is finished.

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   (q) Used  to 
                   
       Active  :   Jerry used to pay the bills.
                    
       Passive :   The bills used to be paid by Jerry.

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   (r) Would  always 
          
       Active  :   My mother would always make the pies.
          
       Passive :   The pies would always be made by my mother.

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   (s) Future in the Past [ Would ] 
          
       Active  :   I knew John would finish the work by 5:00 PM.
         
       Passive :   I knew the work would be finished by 5:00 PM. 

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   (t) Future in the Past [ Was Going to ]
     
       Active  :  I thought Sally was going to make a beautiful dinner tonight.
      
       Passive :  I thought a beautiful dinner was going to be made by Sally tonight.

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